PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on fourteen different times.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match featuring the French league champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
However, Marseille fired two times late to seize a shock lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final seconds to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.